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Filament lamps operate normally at a power factor of

  • Filament lamps operate normally at a power factor of Unity.
  • Filament lamps, also known as incandescent bulbs, have a resistive load, which means that their power factor is always unity (1.0) when operating under normal conditions.
  • This is because the current and voltage in a resistive load are in phase, which means that the power factor is equal to the cosine of the phase angle between the current and voltage, and in a resistive load, the phase angle is zero.
  • A power factor of unity means that all the power supplied by the source is being used by the load, and there is no reactive power being generated or absorbed.
  • Therefore, there is no need for power factor correction or compensation when using filament lamps.