Standard time is equal to (Normal time) + (allowances).

Standard Time

• A standard time is the total allowed time including manual time, process time, and allowances that it should take to perform a task.
• An engineered standard time is the total allowed time that it should take an average skilled and well-trained operator working at a normal pace under adequate supervision to perform an operation.
• The total time includes manual time, process time, and allowances, based on established and documented work conditions and a specified work method.
• The standard time is computed by adjusting the normal time to incorporate allowances.
• Allowances are added as a percentage of the standard time to allow for personal time, restroom breaks, and rest periods.

When calculating the standard time, three different types of time are actually utilized.

• The actual time is the time a particular employee actually takes to perform a particular job operation.
• Normal time is the time needed to complete an operation by an employee working at 100% efficiency and having no delays.
• Standard time is the time needed to complete an operation by an employee working at 100% efficiency with unavoidable delays:

Standard time = normal time +allowance time

or

Standard time = normal time/(1 − allowance fraction)